Overview

• Vasculitis (NHS Choices), Vasculitis (patient.info), Types of vasculitis by size of arteries affected (Vasculitis UK), Vasculitis (PCDS)

Behcet's disease

• Behcet's disease (NHS Choices)

Buerger's disease

• Buerger's disease (Vasculitis UK)

Churg-Strauss syndrome / Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)

• Churg Strauss syndrome (Vasculitis UK)

Giant cell arteritis / Temporal arteritis

• Giant cell arteritis (NHS Choices) / Giant cell arteritis (CKS)

Wegener's granulomatosis / Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

• Wegener's granulomatosis (NHS Choices)

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)

• Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) (NHS Choices)

Kawasaki disease

A 2-year-old boy is brought to your morning surgery by his father who gives a history of a fever for 7 days associated with a rash. Clinical assessment suggests a possible diagnosis of Kawasaki’s disease. Which ONE of the following symptoms or signs supports the diagnosis of Kawasaki’s disease?

1. Changes in limb proximities

2. Unilateral conjunctivitis

3. Changes in the lips and oral cavity

4. Inguinal lymphadenopathy

5. Absence of a rash

An idiopathic self-limiting systemic vasculitis that most often affects children aged 6 months to 5 years. It is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in the developed world. In order to reach a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease, there must be a history of fever of at least 5 days' duration and at least 4 of the following 5 clinical features: 

1. Inflammation and irritation of the lips, mouth and/or tongue (eg, cracked lips, strawberry tongue, inflamed mucosa of mouth or pharynx)

2. Erythema, oedema and/or desquamation of the extremities

3. Bilateral dry conjunctivitis

4. Widespread non-vesicular rash

5. Cervical lymphadenopathy > 1.5 cm in size

References

• Kawasaki disease (NHS Choices), Kawasaki disease (BMJ, 2014)

Microscopic polyangiitis

• Microscopic polyangiitis (Oxford University Hospitals)

Polyarteritis nodosa

• Medium sized artery vasculitis. M>F. Relatively rare. Polyarthralgia is present in 60% of cases and myalgia in 30–80%. Definitive diagnosis is dependent on histological or angiographic demonstraton of microaneurysms in hepatic, renal or intestinal vessels

• Polyarteritis nodosa (GOSH)

Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR)

• Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) (NHS Choices), PMR (CKS)

Takayasu arteritis

• Takayasu arteritis (Vasculitis UK)